Social Security Tribunal of Canada – Ottawa, ON

Independent Appeal Tribunal

Reviewing Social Security Decisions

• Employment Insurance (EI): The General Division hears appeals from individuals who disagree with Service Canada’s reconsideration decisions regarding EI benefits. This includes disputes over regular benefits, sickness, maternity/parental leave, and fishing benefits.
• Canada Pension Plan (CPP): The tribunal adjudicates cases involving CPP disability benefits, retirement pensions, and survivor benefits. These appeals often hinge on medical evidence and the legal definition of ‘severe and prolonged’ disability.
• Old Age Security (OAS): Seniors can appeal decisions related to the Old Age Security pension and the Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS), ensuring they receive the financial support they are entitled to under the law.

Tribunal Structure and Process

• Two Levels of Appeal: The SST consists of two separate divisions. The General Division hears the initial appeal. If a party (the appellant or the Minister) disagrees with that outcome, they may seek leave to appeal to the Appeal Division, which reviews decisions for legal errors or breaches of natural justice.
• Independence: Although supported by the Administrative Tribunals Support Service of Canada (ATSSC), the SST operates independently from the government departments that make the original benefit decisions (ESDC/Service Canada). This ensures a fair and impartial hearing.
• Modernized Hearings: The tribunal emphasizes accessibility by conducting most hearings via videoconference or teleconference, allowing appellants to participate from their homes. In-person hearings can be arranged if necessary for a fair proceeding.